New Mandates Looming: Do I Replace My Old AC Now or Later?
In December 2020, the American Innovation and Manufacturing Act (AIM ACT) was signed into law, ushering in new rules and regulations for HVAC equipment manufacturers. The legislation will require all newly manufactured equipment to use a new refrigerant that is less harmful to the environment than the current R-410A refrigerant.
Let’s explore why changes are happening in 2025 and how these new regulations affect homeowners and their heating and cooling equipment.
Why is R-410A Being Phased Out?
Some homeowners might remember when the government phased out the manufacturing of R-22 refrigerant-using equipment beginning in 2010. R-410A was introduced as the refrigerant of the foreseeable future. However, while R-410A has a respectable Ozone Depletion Potential of 0.00 compared to R-22’s 0.06, it still has a high Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 2,090.
This is where new A2L refrigerants come in.
Manufacturers around the globe have embraced two primary A2L refrigerants: R-454B and R- 32. While some manufacturers have adopted R-32, industry leaders like Lennox, Carrier, Mitsubishi Electric, and Trane have chosen R-454B as their refrigerant of the future.
What is Different About the New A2L Refrigerants?
- Lower GWP (Global Warming Potential): R-454B has roughly 4.5 times less GWP than R-410A.
- R-410A: GWP of 2088
- R-32: GWP of 675
- R-454B: GWP of 466
- Mildly Low Flammability: While A2L refrigerants are classified as mildly flammable compared to previous refrigerants, there isn’t any risk for homeowners. A2L refrigerants are extremely difficult to ignite and sustain.
- Compatibility: A2L refrigerants are only compatible with equipment designed for A2L types of refrigerants. For example, an older R-410A air conditioner cannot be recharged with the new A2L refrigerants.
How Does the Refrigerant Change Affect Homeowners?
Many customers have been inquiring about the new refrigerant change. They often ask whether they should replace their HVAC equipment before the end of the year or wait until 2025, when the new refrigerant and equipment become available.
This decision is particularly important for those whose systems are nearing the end of their life expectancy.
Expect Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Prices to Increase
If you see a replacement looming for your aging HVAC system in the next 2-3 years, there’s a substantial reason to void putting it off—increasing costs.
With the new refrigerant requirement, all refrigerant-using equipment (air conditioners and heat pumps) is forecasted to see a price increase of 10%–30%. While this might not seem like much, it adds up fast when talking about thousands of dollars.
Here is an example. The average AC replacement in 2024 costs around $5,000-$7,000. For this scenario, we’ll say a 2.5-ton AC replacement costs $6,200 and use the average expected price increase (20%). That $6,200 AC in 2024 may cost $7,440 in 2025.
Why Would New Refrigerants Cause Equipment Prices to Go Up?
- New Technology and Design: A2L refrigerants have different properties compared to traditional refrigerants like R-410A. This forces manufacturers to redesign HVAC systems and production facilities to accommodate these new refrigerants. It also involves research and development costs, which manufacturers often pass on to consumers.
- Safety, Compliance, and Liability: As mentioned earlier, A2L refrigerants are classified as mildly flammable. As a result, new systems will be mandated to include additional safety features. These include improved leak detection systems, additional sensors, flame arrestors, and other safety mechanisms, all of which contribute to the expected increased equipment costs.
New Regulation Frequently Asked Questions
Will my current HVAC system need to be replaced immediately?
No, your current HVAG system using R-410A does not need to be replaced immediately. You
can continue to use and service your existing system.
The new regulations apply only to newly manufactured equipment starting in 2025. However, if
your system is nearing the end of its life, it would be worth considering an upgrade to avoid
higher costs in the future.
What if my HVAC system needs repairs or a recharge at some point in the future?
Parts and refrigerant for R-410A systems will still be available for many years as the complete
phase-out of R-410A productions won’t occur until the 2040s.
Many contractors will continue to reclaim and reuse R-410A from older systems, ensuring a
supply for maintenance and repairs.
How can I prepare for refrigerant changes as a homeowner?
- Stay informed about the upcoming changes and plan for future HVAC needs. If your existing system is aging, consider budgeting for a replacement to take advantage of the current lower prices.
- Financing can also be a great way to make the cost of a new system more manageable.
- Current incentives, such as federal tax credits and manufacturer, state, and utility rebates, can also help significantly reduce costs.
- Regular maintenance can also extend the life of your existing system and ensure it operates efficiently. Enrolling in a maintenance plan can help you stay on top of needed tune-ups.
Contact Dave Broussard A/C & Heating
Feel free to contact us if you have any questions or need guidance on the best course of action for your home and budget. The team at Dave Broussard A/C & Heating is here to help you navigate these new changes and ensure your home remains comfortable and efficient.